чум
The place
чум ("Chum, a Nenets conical tent") in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Salekhard/Labytnangi area (Yamal Arctic tundra, Ob River north, Russia), at a true elevation of ~30 m (the listed 0 m is acceptable for Arctic tundra), on Arctic tundra. Continuous Russia Arctic Siberia cluster (batches 260-397). A traditional nomadic Nenets reindeer-herders' conical chum tent (Salekhard, pop. 50,000, capital of Yamalo-Nenets, founded 1595 as Obdorsk, the only city in the world located directly on the Arctic Circle; Labytnangi, pop. 25,000, on the banks of the Ob; the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, 750,000 km², source of oil and gas, producing 90% of Russia's natural gas; heritage of the Nenets, a Samoyedic people numbering 40,000 with an endangered Nenets language; 15,000 nomadic reindeer herders tending 500,000 reindeer, the largest herd in the world; the chum, a portable conical tent of 3-5 m², built on 6 poles and covered with reindeer hide in winter and canvas in summer; the Yamal Peninsula, 700 km long, 122,000 km², a major gas-extraction zone including the Bovanenkovo and Sabetta LNG fields; the Gulag heritage of Vorkuta/Norillag, 1930-1960, with 20 million prisoners; the impact of climate change through thermokarst and permafrost thaw; and the iconic 2014 Bovanenkovo methane-gas explosion crater).
The setting
Yamalo-Nenets Salekhard/Labytnangi Yamal Arctic tundra north Ob Russia listed elevation 0 m acceptable for Arctic tundra ~30 m true, continuous cluster batches 260-397, traditional nomadic Nenets reindeer-herders' conical chum + Salekhard pop. 50,000 capital founded 1595 as Obdorsk only city on Arctic Circle + Labytnangi pop. 25,000 on the Ob + Yamalo-Nenets AO 750,000 km² oil and gas 90% of Russia's gas, Nenets Samoyedic people 40,000 endangered Nenets language + 15,000 nomadic reindeer herders 500,000 reindeer largest herd in the world + chum 3-5 m² 6 poles reindeer hide in winter canvas in summer + Yamal Peninsula 700 km 122,000 km² Bovanenkovo Sabetta LNG + Vorkuta/Norillag Gulag 1930-1960 20 million prisoners + climate change thermokarst permafrost thaw + 2014 Bovanenkovo methane explosion crater.
